Effects of multigrain rice and white rice on periodontitis: an analysis using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2012-2015

OBJECTIVES: Numerous studies have investigated the efficacy of whole grains; however, research on multigrain remains lim-ited. Grains exhibit combined positive effects against various diseases. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of multigrain and white rice consumption on periodontitis. METHODS: We analyzed data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V-3 and VI, collected be-tween 2012 and 2015, which included 12,450 patients (4,859 male and 7,591 female) aged 19-64 years. The World Health Orga-nization's Community Periodontal Index (CPI) was utilized to assess the presence of periodontitis, with periodontitis defined as CPI index score of >= 3. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed after adjusting for potential confounding variables. RESULTS: The group that consumed only multigrain rice was less likely to have periodontitis than the group that consumed only white rice (odds ratio [OR], 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69 to 0.93). When stratified by sex, the risk of periodontitis demonstrated a 24% decrease in female who consumed only multigrain rice (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.93). A similar result was observed in the age group of 40-64 years (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.99). In the diabetes stratification model, the normal group that consumed only multigrain rice exhibited a 25% decrease in the odds of periodontitis (OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.91). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the prevalence of periodontitis may vary depending on the type of rice consumed.