Low-Dose Rituximab for Bullous Pemphigoid. Protocol and Single-Center Experience

Background: Low-dose rituximab is a protocol used in several autoimmune diseases, that has also shown to be effective and safe in pemphigus vulgaris. Objectives: To study whether low-dose rituximab is also effective for bullous pemphigoid. Methods: Patients with BP were treated with a single cycle of two infusions of rituximab 500 mg at an interval of 2 weeks. Early and late end points were monitored. Results: Six patients, five males and a female, with a mean age of 78.6 years (range 65-89) and a mean history of BP of 6.7 months (range 2-16) were included. A rapid and marked response was observed after a single cycle of treatment, with a mean time to disease control and to end of consolidation phase of 1.9 (range 1-3), and 4 weeks (range 3-5), respectively. Four patients achieved a late end point at a mean of 15.75 weeks (range 13-20). Three of them achieved partial remission with no therapy (two patients) or with minimal therapy (one patient), and one of them achieved complete remission with no therapy. One patient has 6 weeks of clinical follow-up after rituximab administration. The remaining patient relapsed 4 weeks after the rituximab treatment, and remains in complete remission with more than minimal therapy. One patient had a herpetic gingivostomatitis related to rituximab. Conclusions: Low-dose rituximab for BP achieved acceptable remission rates and steroid-sparing activity, with a better safety profile and a lower cost, compared to standard doses. This pilot study suggests that low-dose rituximab could be a therapeutic option for BP. (C) 2022 AEDV. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).