Pediatric CNS tumors and 2021 WHO classification: what do oncologists need from pathologists?

被引：7

作者：

d'Amati, Antonio ^{[1
,2
,3
,4
]}

Bargiacchi, Lavinia ^{[3
]}

Rossi, Sabrina ^{[5
]}

Carai, Andrea ^{[6
]}

Bertero, Luca ^{[7
]}

Barresi, Valeria ^{[8
]}

Errico, Maria Elena ^{[9
]}

Buccoliero, Anna Maria ^{[10
]}

Asioli, Sofia ^{[11
]}

Marucci, Gianluca ^{[12
]}

Del Baldo, Giada ^{[13
]}

Mastronuzzi, Angela ^{[13
]}

Miele, Evelina ^{[13
]}

D'Antonio, Federica ^{[13
]}

Gessi, Marco ^{[4
]}

Antonelli, Manila ^{[3
,14
]}

Gianno, Francesca ^{[3
,14
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Bari Aldo Moro, Dept Precis & Regenerat Med & Ionian Area, Unit Anat Pathol, Bari, Italy

[2] Univ Bari Aldo Moro, Dept Translat Biomed & Neurosci DiBraiN, Unit Human Anat & Histol, Bari, Italy

[3] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Radiol Oncol & Anat Pathol, Unit Anat Pathol, Rome, Italy

[4] Univ Cattolica S Cuore, Fdn Policlin Univ A Gemelli IRCCS, Neuropathol Unit, Rome, Italy

[5] Bambino Gesu Pediat Hosp, Dept Labs, Pathol Unit, IRCCS, Rome, Italy

[6] Bambino Gesu Pediat Hosp, Dept Neurosci & Neurorehabil, IRCCS, Rome, Italy

[7] Univ Turin, Dept Med Sci, Pathol Unit, Turin, Italy

[8] Univ Verona, Dept Diagnost & Publ Hlth, Verona, Italy

[9] AORN Santobono Pausilipon Pediat Hosp, Dept Pathol, Naples, Italy

[10] Meyer Childrens Hosp, Pathol Unit, Florence, Italy

[11] Alma Mater Studiorum Univ Bologna, Dept Biomed & Neuromotor Sci DIBINEM, Bologna, Italy

[12] Fdn IRCCS Ist Neurol Carlo Besta, Neuropathol Unit, Milan, Italy

[13] Bambino Gesu Pediat Hosp, IRCCS, Dept Paediat Haematol Oncol, Rome, Italy

[14] IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy

来源：

FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE | 2024年 / 17卷

关键词：

pediatric CNS tumors; brain tumors; molecular biology; WHO classification; neuro-oncology; neuropathology; GIANT-CELL ASTROCYTOMAS; ATYPICAL TERATOID/RHABDOID TUMORS; COPY NUMBER ALTERATIONS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; HIGH-GRADE GLIOMAS; H3 K27M MUTATIONS; PLEOMORPHIC XANTHOASTROCYTOMA; ANGIOCENTRIC GLIOMA; SUPRATENTORIAL EPENDYMOMA; MYXOPAPILLARY EPENDYMOMAS;

D O I：

10.3389/fnmol.2024.1268038

中图分类号：

Q189 [神经科学];

学科分类号：

071006 ;

摘要：

The fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS), published in 2021, established new approaches to both CNS tumor nomenclature and grading, emphasizing the importance of integrated diagnoses and layered reports. This edition increased the role of molecular diagnostics in CNS tumor classification while still relying on other established approaches such as histology and immunohistochemistry. Moreover, it introduced new tumor types and subtypes based on novel diagnostic technologies such as DNA methylome profiling. Over the past decade, molecular techniques identified numerous key genetic alterations in CSN tumors, with important implications regarding the understanding of pathogenesis but also for prognosis and the development and application of effective molecularly targeted therapies. This review summarizes the major changes in the 2021 fifth edition classification of pediatric CNS tumors, highlighting for each entity the molecular alterations and other information that are relevant for diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic purposes and that patients' and oncologists' need from a pathology report.

引用

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