Progress in research on perovskite solar electron transport layers based on Ti3C2Tx

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained popularity in recent years due to their ease of manufacture, low cost, and high efficiency, and have progressively emerged as one of the most promising photovoltaic technologies. Ti3C2Tx has been used to prepare electron transport layers for Perovskite solar cells as a versatile transition-metal carbide due to its abundant surface functional groups, excellent electrical conductivity, high transmittance, and tunable work function, among other superior properties. This study first introduces the Ti3C2Tx preparation process and properties. Then, based on the various benefits of Ti3C2Tx in applying the electron transport layer, it summarizes using Ti3C2Tx as an additive, directly as an electron transport layer, and as an interface modification layer. The difficulties encountered by this 2D material in the field of electron transport layer application are discussed, and lastly, the future development direction is predicted.