X-Shooting ULLYSES: Massive stars at low metallicity I. Project description

被引：32

作者：

Vink, Jorick S. S. ^{[1
]}

Mehner, A. ^{[2
]}

Crowther, P. A. ^{[3
]}

Fullerton, A. ^{[46
]}

Garcia, M. ^{[39
]}

Martins, F. ^{[15
]}

Morrell, N. ^{[17
]}

Oskinova, L. M. ^{[27
]}

St-Louis, N. ^{[34
]}

ud-Doula, A. ^{[5
]}

Sander, A. A. C. ^{[21
]}

Sana, H. ^{[4
]}

Bouret, J. -C. ^{[33
]}

Kubatova, B. ^{[11
]}

Marchant, P. ^{[4
]}

Martins, L. P. ^{[22
]}

Wofford, A. ^{[52
]}

van Loon, J. Th. ^{[37
]}

Telford, O. Grace ^{[36
]}

Gotberg, Y. ^{[38
]}

Bowman, D. M. ^{[4
]}

Erba, C. ^{[8
]}

Kalari, V. M. ^{[25
]}

Abdul-Masih, M. ^{[2
]}

Alkousa, T. ^{[3
]}

Backs, F. ^{[18
]}

Barbosa, C. L. ^{[49
]}

Berlanas, S. R. ^{[37
,40
]}

Bernini-Peron, M. ^{[21
]}

Bestenlehner, J. M. ^{[3
]}

Blomme, R. ^{[35
]}

Bodensteiner, J. ^{[16
]}

Brands, S. A. ^{[18
]}

Evans, C. J. ^{[29
]}

David-Uraz, A. ^{[41
,44
,45
]}

Driessen, F. A. ^{[4
,19
]}

Dsilva, K. ^{[4
]}

Geen, S. ^{[18
,19
]}

Gomez-Gonzalez, V. M. A. ^{[27
]}

Grassitelli, L. ^{[14
]}

Hamann, W. -R. ^{[27
]}

Hawcroft, C. ^{[4
]}

Herrero, A. ^{[12
]}

Higgins, E. R. ^{[1
]}

Hillier, D. John ^{[9
,10
]}

Ignace, R. ^{[8
]}

Istrate, A. G. ^{[51
]}

Kaper, L. ^{[18
]}

Kee, N. D. ^{[53
]}

Kehrig, C. ^{[43
]}

机构：

[1] Armagh Observ & Planetarium, Coll Hill, Armagh BT61 9DG, North Ireland

[2] ESO European Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago De Chi, Chile

[3] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Hounsfield Rd, Sheffield S3 7RH, England

[4] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Astron, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium

[5] Penn State Scranton, 120 Ridge View Dr, Dunmore, PA 18512 USA

[6] Univ Durham, Ctr Extragalact Astron, Dept Phys, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England

[7] Univ Durham, Inst Computat Cosmol, Dept Phys, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England

[8] East Tennessee State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA

[9] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, 3941 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA

[10] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Particle Phys Astrophys & Cosmol Ctr PI, 3941 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA

[11] Akad Ceske Republiky, Astron Ustav, Ondrejov 25165, Czech Republic

[12] Inst Astrofis Canarias, San Cristobal la Laguna 38200, Tenerife, Spain

[13] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, San Cristobal la Laguna 38205, Tenerife, Spain

[14] Univ Bonn, Argelander Inst Astron, Hugel 71, D-53121 Bonn, Germany

[15] Univ Montpellier, LUPM, CNRS, Pl Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier, France

[16] ESO European Org Astron Res Southern Hemisphere, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany

[17] Carnegie Observ, Las Campanas Observ, Casilla 601, La Serena, Chile

[18] Univ Amsterdam, Anton Pannekoek Inst Astron, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands

[19] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands

[20] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Ctr Computat Astrophys, Div Sci, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan

[21] Heidelberg Univ, Rechen Inst, Zentrum Astron, Monchhofstr 12-14, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany

[22] NAT Univ Cidade Sao Paulo, Rua Galvao Bueno 868, Sao Paulo, Brazil

[23] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England

[24] Univ Duisburg Essen, Fak Phys, Lotharstr 1, D-47057 Duisburg, Germany

[25] Gemini Observ, NSFs NOIRLab, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile

[26] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 323 West Hall, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

[27] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany

[28] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Kohn Hall, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA

[29] European Space Agcy ESA, Space Telescope Sci Inst, ESA Off, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA

[30] CSIC INTA, Ctr Astrobiol CAB, Campus ESAC,C Bajo Castillo S-N, Madrid, Spain

[31] Heidelberger Inst Theoret Studien, Schloss Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany

[32] Univ Colorado Boulder, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[33] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France

[34] Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Campus MIL,1375 Therese Lavoie Roux, Montreal, PQ H2V 0B3, Canada

[35] Royal Observ Belgium, Ave Circulaire Ringlaan 3, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium

[36] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 136 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA

[37] Keele Univ, Lennard Jones Labs, Keele ST5 5BG, England

[38] Observ Carnegie Inst Sci, 813 Santa Barbara St, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA

[39] CSIC INTA, Ctr Astrobiol CAB, Ctra Torrejon Ajalvir Km 4, Torrejon De Ardoz 28850, Madrid, Spain

[40] Univ Alicante, Dept Fis Aplicada, San Vicente Del Raspeig 03690, Alicante, Spain

[41] Howard Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Washington, DC 20059 USA

[42] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Observ Valongo, Ladeira Pedro Antonio 43, BR-20080090 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

[43] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Glorieta Astron S-N, Granada 18008, Spain

[44] NASA, Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA

[45] NASA GSFC, Xray Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA

[46] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA

[47] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

[48] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany

[49] Ctr Univ FEI, Dept Fis, Av Humberto Alencar de Castelo Branco 3972, BR-09850901 Sao Bernardo Do Campo, SP, Brazil

[50] Natl Observ Athens, IAASARS, Penteli 15236, Greece

来源：

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS | 2023年 / 675卷

基金：

加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会; 欧洲研究理事会; 美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

stars: atmospheres; stars: early-type; stars:; winds; outflows; stars: evolution; methods: observational; galaxies: dwarf; LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; VLT-FLAMES SURVEY; B-TYPE SUPERGIANTS; WOLF-RAYET STARS; O-TYPE STARS; ULTRAVIOLET-SPECTROSCOPIC-EXPLORER; EFFECTIVE TEMPERATURE SCALE; DIFFUSE INTERSTELLAR BANDS; BLANKETED MODEL ATMOSPHERES; NITROGEN LINE SPECTROSCOPY;

D O I：

10.1051/0004-6361/202245650

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

Observations of individual massive stars, super-luminous supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, and gravitational wave events involving spectacular black hole mergers indicate that the low-metallicity Universe is fundamentally different from our own Galaxy. Many transient phenomena will remain enigmatic until we achieve a firm understanding of the physics and evolution of massive stars at low metallicity (Z). The Hubble Space Telescope has devoted 500 orbits to observing similar to 250 massive stars at low Z in the ultraviolet (UV) with the COS and STIS spectrographs under the ULLYSES programme. The complementary X-Shooting ULLYSES (XShootU) project provides an enhanced legacy value with high-quality optical and near-infrared spectra obtained with the wide-wavelength coverage X-shooter spectrograph at ESO's Very Large Telescope. We present an overview of the XShootU project, showing that combining ULLYSES UV and XShootU optical spectra is critical for the uniform determination of stellar parameters such as effective temperature, surface gravity, luminosity, and abundances, as well as wind properties such as mass-loss rates as a function of Z. As uncertainties in stellar and wind parameters percolate into many adjacent areas of astrophysics, the data and modelling of the XShootU project is expected to be a game changer for our physical understanding of massive stars at low Z. To be able to confidently interpret James Webb Space Telescope spectra of the first stellar generations, the individual spectra of low-Z stars need to be understood, which is exactly where XShootU can deliver.

引用

页数：28

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