Higher Prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences in Transgender Than in Cisgender Individuals: Results from a Single-Center Observational Study

被引:13
作者
Feil, Katharina [1 ]
Riedl, David [2 ,3 ]
Boettcher, Bettina [1 ]
Fuchs, Martin [4 ]
Kapelari, Klaus [5 ]
Graesser, Sofie [2 ]
Toth, Bettina [1 ]
Lampe, Astrid [3 ,6 ]
机构
[1] Med Univ Innsbruck, Dept Gynecol Endocrinol & Reprod Med, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
[2] Med Univ Innsbruck, Univ Hosp Psychiat II, Dept Psychiat Psychotherapy Psychosomat & Med Psyc, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
[3] Ludwig Boltzmann Inst Rehabil Res, A-1140 Vienna, Austria
[4] Med Univ Innsbruck, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
[5] Med Univ Innsbruck, Dept Pediat 1, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
[6] VAMED Rehabil Ctr, A-6780 Schruns, Austria
关键词
transgender; adverse childhood experience; mental health; trauma; abuse; MENTAL-HEALTH PROBLEMS; SEXUAL ORIENTATION; ABUSE; GAY; STRESS; MALTREATMENT; DEPRESSION; PEOPLE; SAMPLE; ADULTS;
D O I
10.3390/jcm12134501
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) have been shown to have a tremendous negative impact on health outcomes later in life. This study presents data on the prevalence of ACEs, psychological distress, and trauma-related symptoms in transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) people compared to cisgender people. TGD adults (n = 35) and a matched sample of nonpsychiatric hospital patients (n = 35) were surveyed between September 2018 and March 2019. Participants completed the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure Scale to assess ACEs, as well as the Brief Symptom Inventory and the Essener Trauma Inventory to assess psychological distress and trauma-related symptoms. TGD patients reported a higher number of ACEs than cisgender patients (0.7 vs. 2.4; p < 0.001; d = 0.94). A total of 28.6% of TGD vs. 5.7% cisgender patients reported four or more ACEs (p < 0.001). The most common forms of ACEs were parental abuse (54.3%) and peer abuse (54.3%). No significantly increased prevalence of sexual abuse was found (p > 0.05). TGD patients also reported a higher prevalence of depression (48.4% vs. 5.7%, p < 0.001), posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (59.4% vs. 13.8%, p < 0.001), and anxiety (58.1% vs. 28.6%, p = 0.016). Health care providers should be aware of and assess ACEs, especially in vulnerable groups such as TGD people, and create a safe place through open-minded, affirming care.
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页数:11
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