Stability, survival, and patient satisfaction with CAD/CAM versus conventional multistranded fixed retainers in orthodontic patients: a 6-month follow-up of a two-centre randomized controlled clinical trial
Objectives The primary aim of this two-arm parallel two-centre randomized controlled trial was to compare computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) versus conventional multistranded fixed retainers (FRs) in terms of stability over 6 months. Secondary outcomes were failure rates and patient satisfaction. Methods Patients were randomized to CAD/CAM or conventional FRs in both arches, in 1:1 ratio and blocks of four. Allocation concealment was secured by using sequentially numbered envelopes. Patients were blinded. Retainers were bonded at the end of orthodontic treatment (T0), and patients were recalled after 1 (T1), 3 (T3), and 6 (T6) months. First-time retainer failures were recorded and digital impressions were taken. Arch widths and lengths, as well as Little's Irregularity Index (LII), were measured. Additionally, patients answered satisfaction questionnaires. Linear mixed models were applied for measurements and patient satisfaction. Survival analyses were estimated with Kaplan-Meier curves, along with Cox-regression modelling. Results One hundred and eighty-one patients were randomized (98 in Centre 1, and 83 in Centre 2): Ninety in the CAD/CAM group and 91 in the conventional group. Three subjects dropped out at baseline, as they did not attend any of the follow-up appointments.168 patients attended the T6 visit. There were no significant differences in arch dimensions between T0 and T6, whilst the LII was different only in the CAD/CAM group (mean difference: 0.2 mm; 95% confidence interval: 0.1 to 0.4; P < 0.001). Within 6 months, 39 upper retainers (19 out of 88 CAD/CAM and 20 out of 90 conventional retainers) and 52 lower retainers failed (26 out of 88 CAD/CAM and 26 out of 90 conventional retainers), with no significant difference between the survival of both types of retainers (hazard ratios conventional to CAD/CAM: upper arch: 0.99 [P =0.99], lower arch: 0.93 [P = 0.80]). There were no significant changes in patient satisfaction between the groups. No harms were observed. Conclusions There were no clinically significant differences in LII, arch widths and lengths between CAD/CAM and conventional retainers after 6 months. There was no difference in failures and in patient satisfaction between both types of FRs. Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04389879.
机构:
St Louis Univ, Dept Orthodont, 3320 Rutger St, St Louis, MO 63104 USASt Louis Univ, Dept Orthodont, 3320 Rutger St, St Louis, MO 63104 USA
Tran, Giau
Rucker, Ryan
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St Louis Univ, Dept Orthodont, 3320 Rutger St, St Louis, MO 63104 USASt Louis Univ, Dept Orthodont, 3320 Rutger St, St Louis, MO 63104 USA
Rucker, Ryan
Foley, Patrick
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St Louis Univ, Dept Orthodont, 3320 Rutger St, St Louis, MO 63104 USASt Louis Univ, Dept Orthodont, 3320 Rutger St, St Louis, MO 63104 USA
Foley, Patrick
Bankhead, Brent
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St Louis Univ, Dept Orthodont, 3320 Rutger St, St Louis, MO 63104 USASt Louis Univ, Dept Orthodont, 3320 Rutger St, St Louis, MO 63104 USA
Bankhead, Brent
Adel, Samar M.
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St Louis Univ, Dept Orthodont, 3320 Rutger St, St Louis, MO 63104 USA
Alexandria Univ, Fac Dent, Dept Orthodont, Alexandria 21526, EgyptSt Louis Univ, Dept Orthodont, 3320 Rutger St, St Louis, MO 63104 USA
Adel, Samar M.
Kim, Ki Beom
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St Louis Univ, Dept Orthodont, 3320 Rutger St, St Louis, MO 63104 USASt Louis Univ, Dept Orthodont, 3320 Rutger St, St Louis, MO 63104 USA
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Queen Mary Univ London, Barts & London Sch Med & Dent, London, England
Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman Univ, Coll Dent, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaQueen Mary Univ London, Barts & London Sch Med & Dent, London, England
Al-Moghrabi, Dalya
Johal, Ama
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Queen Mary Univ London, Barts & London Sch Med & Dent, London, EnglandQueen Mary Univ London, Barts & London Sch Med & Dent, London, England
Johal, Ama
O'Rourke, Niamh
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UCL, Eastman Dent Inst, Dept Orthodont, London, EnglandQueen Mary Univ London, Barts & London Sch Med & Dent, London, England
O'Rourke, Niamh
Donos, Nikolaos
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Queen Mary Univ London, Barts & London Sch Med & Dent, London, EnglandQueen Mary Univ London, Barts & London Sch Med & Dent, London, England
Donos, Nikolaos
Pandis, Nikolaos
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Univ Bern, Med Fac, Dent Sch, Dept Orthodont, Bern, SwitzerlandQueen Mary Univ London, Barts & London Sch Med & Dent, London, England
Pandis, Nikolaos
Gonzales-Marin, Cecilia
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Queen Mary Univ London, Barts & London Sch Med & Dent, London, EnglandQueen Mary Univ London, Barts & London Sch Med & Dent, London, England
Gonzales-Marin, Cecilia
Fleming, Padhraig S.
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Queen Mary Univ London, Barts & London Sch Med & Dent, London, EnglandQueen Mary Univ London, Barts & London Sch Med & Dent, London, England
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Univ Fed Santa Maria, Postgrad Program Oral Sci, Ave Roraima n 1000, Predio 26F, BR-97015900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do S, BrazilUniv Fed Santa Maria, Postgrad Program Oral Sci, Ave Roraima n 1000, Predio 26F, BR-97015900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do S, Brazil
Reiniger, Ana Paula P.
Tavares, Rodrigo C. R.
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Univ Fed Santa Maria, Postgrad Program Oral Sci, Ave Roraima n 1000, Predio 26F, BR-97015900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do S, BrazilUniv Fed Santa Maria, Postgrad Program Oral Sci, Ave Roraima n 1000, Predio 26F, BR-97015900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do S, Brazil
Tavares, Rodrigo C. R.
Ortigara, Gabriela B.
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Univ Fed Santa Maria, Postgrad Program Oral Sci, Ave Roraima n 1000, Predio 26F, BR-97015900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do S, BrazilUniv Fed Santa Maria, Postgrad Program Oral Sci, Ave Roraima n 1000, Predio 26F, BR-97015900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do S, Brazil
Ortigara, Gabriela B.
Tatsch, Karen F.
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Univ Fed Santa Maria, Postgrad Program Oral Sci, Ave Roraima n 1000, Predio 26F, BR-97015900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do S, BrazilUniv Fed Santa Maria, Postgrad Program Oral Sci, Ave Roraima n 1000, Predio 26F, BR-97015900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do S, Brazil
Tatsch, Karen F.
Uliana, Jaine C.
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Univ Fed Santa Maria, Postgrad Program Oral Sci, Ave Roraima n 1000, Predio 26F, BR-97015900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do S, BrazilUniv Fed Santa Maria, Postgrad Program Oral Sci, Ave Roraima n 1000, Predio 26F, BR-97015900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do S, Brazil
Uliana, Jaine C.
Wikesjoe, Ulf M. E.
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Univ N Carolina, Adams Sch Dent, Lab Appl Periodontal & Craniofacial Res, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USAUniv Fed Santa Maria, Postgrad Program Oral Sci, Ave Roraima n 1000, Predio 26F, BR-97015900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do S, Brazil
Wikesjoe, Ulf M. E.
Moreira, Carlos Heitor Cunha
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Univ Fed Santa Maria, Postgrad Program Oral Sci, Ave Roraima n 1000, Predio 26F, BR-97015900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do S, BrazilUniv Fed Santa Maria, Postgrad Program Oral Sci, Ave Roraima n 1000, Predio 26F, BR-97015900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do S, Brazil
Moreira, Carlos Heitor Cunha
Kantorski, Karla Z.
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Univ Fed Santa Maria, Postgrad Program Oral Sci, Ave Roraima n 1000, Predio 26F, BR-97015900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do S, BrazilUniv Fed Santa Maria, Postgrad Program Oral Sci, Ave Roraima n 1000, Predio 26F, BR-97015900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do S, Brazil