A Study on the Influence of Submergence Ratio on the Transport of Suspended Sediment in a Partially Vegetated Channel Flow

Riparian or aquatic vegetation thrives with seasons. The understanding of canopies' Submergence-Ratio (SR = stem height/water depth) influence on suspended sediment transport is still limited. Thus, Large Eddy Simulations coupled with the Discrete Phase Method are used to investigate the particles' three-dimensional distribution in a partially vegetated straight channel. The spanwise distribution of particles are quantified by the probability density function (PDF), showing a non-uniformity of particles in time as quantified by the PDF variance. We found that (a) with SR rising, the particles' depletion effects exerted by the vegetation-side mixing layer is improved along the interface between vegetated and vegetation-side bare channel region. However, the SR has little effect on the variance of the particles' PDF in the spanwise direction when the mixing layer is fully developed. (b) During the developing stage of the over-canopy mixing layer, submerged vegetation with higher SR gains a stronger upwards (vertical) entrainment capability. The case (SR = 60%) has a higher sediment concentration than other cases in the fully developed vertical mixing layer region over canopy. (c) The vertical suspension of particles in the vegetation-side bare channel region is analyzed. Particles migrating from the vegetated region are entrained into the vegetation-side bare channel region by turbulent structures. Nevertheless, the vertical concentration profile is more uniform in the vegetated region than in the vegetation-side bare channel at the same streamwise location. The cases SR = 40% and 60% still have higher sediment concentration than other cases in the vegetation-side bare channel's upper region.