Evaluation of buffalo, cow, goat and camel milk consumption on multiple health outcomes in male and female Sprague Dawley rats

Male and female rats were divided into a control group, and 4 groups that were administered cow, buffalo, goat and camel milk, each animal receiving 3.4 mL d-1 of the appropriate milk intragastrically by gavage for 6 weeks. Liver function enzymes, kidney function parameters, minerals, vitamin D3, and lipid profile were measured in serum samples; femur, liver and kidney samples were collected for the histopathological examination. Cow, buffalo and goat milk had negative effects on serum tests, bones, liver and kidneys; while camel milk had significant positive effects on these parameters, histopathological examination of bone, liver and kidney sections confirming biochemical results. Camel milk consumption, in rats, did not lead to hyperlipidaemia; and prevented the histopathological alteration in bone sections (like eroded bone trabeculae with many osteoclasts) which is considered the first signs of bone osteoporosis. & COPY; 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.