Experiences of Gender-Based Violence Service Providers in Vietnam: Grounded Theory Exploratory Study

Gender-based violence (GBV) is a complex global problem that is rooted in sociopolitical and cultural values, attitudes, and behaviors. GBV in Vietnam is a pervasive problem with 58% of ever-married women having experienced at least one form of violence (physical, sexual, or emotional) in their lifetime. In recent years Vietnam has addressed GBV issues via regulations and policies. Despite the existence of such laws, the execution, enforcement and support of these laws are another story. To the best of our knowledge, there is no study about the experience of GBV service providers who work directly with GBV victims in Vietnam. This exploratory study utilized Grounded Theory to examine the in-depth experiences of 11 Vietnamese GBV service providers who work with diverse populations, such as school-aged and college students, women and girls, and the LGBTQ+ community. Five major themes emerged, which include: (1) cultural factors influencing GBV in Vietnam, (2) diversity in GBV services and progress made, (3) challenges in providing GBV services, (4) impacts on the service providers and self-care issues, and (5) moving forward and breaking "the vicious cycle. " Practical and policy implications of the findings are discussed. Limitations of the study and future recommendations are also addressed.