Angle-resolved photoemission studies of the electronic structure and superconductivity of high-temperature cuprate superconductors

In contrast to conventional superconductors, such as elemental metals or alloys, the superconductivity mechanism of unconventional superconductors, such as high-temperature cuprate superconductors, is challenging the Bardeen-CooperSchrieffer theory of superconductivity and has become a significant issue in condensed matter physics. With its unique advantages in energy/momentum-resolving capabilities, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) has played an important role in understanding the electronic structure and superconductivity mechanism of high-temperature cuprate superconductors, including studies of band structures, energy gaps, and many-body interactions. With the dramatic improvement of the ARPES technique and the development of the data analysis method, the electronic phase diagram of cuprate superconductors has been updated, and the understanding of its underlying physical origin has been enriched. In this study, we first introduce the development of the ARPES technique and then focus on the latest progress in the doping evolution of the band structure, precise determination of the energy gap, and ubiquitous electron-phonon interactions in cuprate superconductors. Finally, we present a procedure for investigating the pairing mechanism of high-temperature superconductors by quantitative extraction of the normal and pairing Eliashberg functions.