The influence of micronized sulfur amendments on the chemical properties of the calcareous soil and wheat growth

High soil pH constrains the availability of many plant nutrients including phosphorus (P). Sulfur (S) application to soil is a commonly used method to reduce the soil pH in the plant root zone, increase the availability of nutrients and thus obtain a higher yield. However, the particle size of the S is the most important factor in decreasing the soil pH. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different doses of micronized S application (0, 125, 250, and 375 kg ha(-1)) on the chemical properties of calcareous soil and the yield and nutrient contents of two wheat cultivars (Burgos and Zhivago). The results indicated that soil pH and CaCO3 content of soil decreased with increasing doses of S application. Soil organic carbon content slightly increased with all S applications in Burgos wheat variety. The highest increase was recorded in the 375 kg ha(-1) S application, but no significant difference was determined in the Zhivago variety. The available Cu content in soil varied between 3.43 and 3.55 mg kg(-1), Fe content was between 13.86 and 14.93 mg kg(-1), Mn content was between 22.73 and 25.65 mg kg(-1), and Zn content was between 0.53 and 0.62 mg kg(-1). The results revealed that soil pH and CaCO3 content decreased with liquid micronized S applications, however, the effect of S applications on exchangeable cations and heavy metal content was not significant.