Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) based materials: current application trends in health and other multidisciplinary fields

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has a chemical composition of only carbon and nitrogen, having unique optoelectronic features, electrochemical performance, appropriate band gap, chemical inertness, superior mechanical and thermal stability, two-dimensional structure, outstanding chemical stability and configurable electronic structure, and has received significant research attention. These properties resulted in increasing research exploration for diverse applications and the foundation for the development of various products. A scientometric analysis of g-C3N4-based materials reveals a current shift in applications of the materials from energy conversion systems, hydrogen production, photoelectrochemical, and other disciplines to diverse disciplines. In recent years, g-C3N4-based materials have been used in a variety of new fields such as medicine, food safety, mathematics, and computer science. As a result, this mini-review was conducted in an attempt to summarize the new emerging disciplines of applications of g-C3N4-based materials as a reference base and to provide information for further exploration and expansion of research areas. It was predicted that g-C3N4-based materials could be used in sensors and actuators, automotive systems, biomimicry technology, and other multidisciplinary fields.