An improved evaporation rate water cycle algorithm for energy-efficient routing protocol in WSNs

Purpose The paper aims to introduce an efficient routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). It proposes an improved evaporation rate water cycle (improved ER-WC) algorithm and outlining the systems performance in improving the energy efficiency of WSNs. The proposed technique mainly analyzes the clustering problem of WSNs when huge tasks are performed. Design/methodology/approach This proposed improved ER-WC algorithm is used for analyzing various factors such as network cluster-head (CH) energy, CH location and CH density in improved ER-WCA. The proposed study will solve the energy efficiency and improve network throughput in WSNs. Findings This proposed work provides optimal clustering method for Fuzzy C-means (FCM) where efficiency is improved in WSNs. Empirical evaluations are conducted to find network lifespan, network throughput, total network residual energy and network stabilization. Research limitations/implications The proposed improved ER-WC algorithm has some implications when different energy levels of node are used in WSNs. Practical implications This research work analyzes the nodes' energy and throughput by selecting correct CHs in intra-cluster communication. It can possibly analyze the factors such as CH location, network CH energy and CH density. Originality/value This proposed research work proves to be performing better for improving the network throughput and increases energy efficiency for WSNs.