Recent progress in homogeneous hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to methanol

The requirement of running a new generation of fuel production is inevitable due to the limitation of oil production from reservoirs. On the other hand, enhancing the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere brings global warming phenomenon and leads to catastrophic disasters such as drought and flooding. Conversion of carbon dioxide to methanol can compensate for the liquid fuel requirement and mitigate CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. In this review, we surveyed the recent works on homogeneous hydrogenation of CO2 to CH3OH and investigated the experimental results in detail. We categorized the CO2 hydrogenation works based on the environment of the reaction, including neutral, acidic, and basic conditions, and discussed the effects of solvents' properties on the experimental results. This review provides a perspective on the previous studies in this field, which can assist the researchers in selecting the proper catalyst and solvent for homogenous hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to methanol.