The Iberian Peninsula is a global hotspot for bee diversity due to its large number of different habitats, particularly Mediterranean scrubland, mountains, and hot and cold steppe. In line with its status as a hotspot of bee diversity, the peninsula hosts a very large Andrena fauna, which despite progress in recent years remains incompletely studied, particularly with reference to genetic investigation. Here the Iberian Andrena fauna is comprehensively revised, resulting in a total of 228 recorded species. Numerous taxonomic changes are necessary following inspection of museum specimens, type material, and genetic investigation. The following subgenera are described: Pruinosandrena subgen. nov., containing six taxa previously placed in the subgenus Campylogaster Dours, 1873, and Blandandrena subgen. nov., Bryandrena subgen. nov., Limbandrena subgen. nov., and Ovandrena subgen. nov., containing one, one, one, and four taxa previously placed in the subgenus Poliandrena Warncke, 1968. Andrena (Limbandrena) toelgiana Friese, 1921 syn. nov. is synonymised with A. (Limbandrena) limbata Eversmann, 1852. The current lectotype of A. (Micrandrena) obsoleta Perez, 1895 was incorrectly designated by Warncke; the taxon differs from A. obsoleta sensu Warncke, belonging instead to a taxon within the A. mariana Warncke, 1968 complex. A new lectotype is designated for A. obsoleta sp. resurr. from Algeria, and A. mariana solda Warncke, 1974 syn. nov. is synonymised with it; A. (Micrandrena) alma Warncke, 1975 stat. nov., A. (Micrandrena) mica Warncke, 1974 stat. nov., and A. (Micrandrena) tenostra Warncke, 1975 stat. nov. are raised to species status. Andrena (Truncandrena) abunda Warncke, 1974 stat. nov., A. (Micrandrena) lecana Warncke, 1975 stat. nov., A. (Pruinosandrena) parata Warncke, 1967 stat. nov., A. (Micrandrena) pauxilla Stockhert, 1935 sp. resurr., A. (Pruinosandrena) succinea Dours, 1872 sp. resurr., and A. (Notandrena) varuga Warncke, 1975 stat. nov. are also returned or elevated to species status. A lectotype is designated for A. (Euandrena) lavandulae Perez, 1902 sp. resurr. which is returned to species status, and A. (Euandrena) impressa Warncke, 1967 syn. nov. is synonymised with it. Andrena (Truncandrena) nigropilosa Warncke, 1967 stat. nov. is elevated to species status, and A. (Truncandrena) truncatilabris espanolaWarncke, 1967 syn. nov. is synonymised with it as a junior subjective synonym. A lectotype is designated for A. (Melandrena) vachali Perez, 1895; A. (Melandrena) creberrima Perez, 1895 syn. nov. and A. (Melandrena) vachali syn. nov. are synonymised with A. (Melandrena) discors Erichson, 1841, and Andrena (Melandrena) hispania Warncke, 1967 syn. nov. is synonymised with A. (Melandrena) morio Brulle, 1832. Andrena (Pruinosandrena) mayeti Perez, 1895 syn. nov. is newly synonymised with A. (Pruinosandrena) caroli Perez, 1895 and A. (incertae sedis) setosa Perez, 1903 syn. nov. is newly synonymised with A. (incertae sedis) ranunculorum Morawitz, 1877. Andrena (Simandrena) cilissaeformis Perez, 1895 sp. resurr. is returned to species status, and is the correct name for A. (Simandrena) breviscopa auctorum. Andrena (incertae sedis) breviscopa Perez, 1895 is returned to synonymy with A. (incertae sedis) numida Lepeletier, 1841, and A. (incertae sedis) inconspicua Morawitz, 1871 is newly synonymised syn. nov. with A. numida. Andrena (Euandrena) isolata sp. nov. and A. (Micrandrena) ortizi sp. nov. are described from the Sierra Nevada (Granada), A. (Truncandrena) ghisbaini sp. nov. is described from Malaga province, and A. (Avandrena) juliae sp. nov. is described from Cadiz province. The males of A. (Micrandrena) alma and A. (?Euandrena) ramosa Wood, 2022 are described. Additional lectotypes are designated for A. (Plastandrena) asperrima Perez, 1895, A. (Plastandrena) atricapilla Perez, 1895, A. (Aenandrena) hystrix Schmiedeknecht, 1883, A. (Pruinosandrena) lanuginosa Spinola, 1843, A. (Notandrena) ranunculi Schmiedeknecht, 1883, and A. (Euandrena) symphyti Schmiedeknecht, 1883. Neotypes are designated for A. (Chlorandrena) boyerella Dours, 1872, A. (Notandrena) griseobalteata Dours, 1872, A. (Taeniandrena) poupillieri Dours, 1872, A. (Pruinosandrena) succinea Dours, 1872, and A. (incertae sedis) numida Lepeletier, 1841. Type photographs and diagnostic characters are presented in each case, as well as new dietary information for understudied species. Finally, an identification key is presented in order to facilitate future research on this hyper-diverse genus in one of their global diversity hotspots, and current and future research perspectives for Iberian Andrena are discussed.
