Comparative analysis of post-operative rehabilitation approaches for medial patellar luxation in small-breed dogs

Background and Aim: Electrical stimulation (ES) and light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (LASER) therapy are frequently used in post -operative rehabilitation; however, there is currently insufficient research comparing their effectiveness. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of post -operative rehabilitation following medial patellar luxation (MPL) surgical correction by comparing ES and LASER therapy when combined with exercise. This was compared with a control group that consisted solely of post -operative home exercise implemented by the owner. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective clinical trial on dogs that had undergone surgical treatment for MPL. The dogs were categorized into the following three groups: The control group, which did not participate in any post -operative rehabilitation program; the ES group, which received post -operative rehabilitation involving ES therapy; and the LASER group, which underwent post -operative rehabilitation featuring LASER therapy. Results: There were no significant differences among the groups regarding the evaluation parameters, including lameness score, pain score, thigh muscle circumference, and range of motion. Although there may have been a difference in pain score in some groups, it could be attributed to the pre -operative condition of patients. These results aligned with the owner questionnaires' canine brief pain inventory assessments, showing no significant differences between treatment groups. Conclusion: Post -operative rehabilitation for MPL correction may enhance limb usage, joint function, muscle mass, and pain relief. However, the duration and level of post -operative pain may influence the necessity for rehabilitation. In addition, ES and LASER therapy offer similar pain -relieving effects after MPL surgery; therefore, the choice between these methods depends on the availability of equipment and veterinarian preferences.