Optimizing Sensor Array DOA Estimation With the Manifold Reconstruction Unitary ESPRIT Algorithm

This letter introduces a new algorithm called manifold reconstruction unitary ESPRIT (MR-UESPRIT) for accurately estimating the direction of arrival (DOA). The algorithm combines manifold reconstruction and unitary ESPRIT to overcome the limitations of traditional DOA estimation methods. In this approach, two smaller overlapping subarrays are used to derive a rotational invariance equation, which helps recover the array manifold matrix. As a result, the DOA estimation problem is divided into $K$-individual single-source DOA estimation problems. Each DOA is estimated by minimizing a nonlinear least squares fitting criterion using a computationally efficient Newton's method. Computer simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the MR-UESPRIT method compared with standard DOA estimation methods.