Electrospun skin dressings for diabetic wound treatment: a systematic review

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia associated with a lack of insulin production or insulin resistance. In diabetic patients, the capacity for healing is generally decreased, leading to chronic wounds. One of the most common treatments for chronic wounds is skin dressings, which serve as protection from infection, reduce pain levels, and stimulate tissue healing. Furthermore, electrospinning is one of the most effective techniques used for manufacturing skin dressings. Objective The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature to examine the effects of electrospun skin dressings from different sources in the process of healing skin wounds using in vivo experiments in diabetic rats. Methods The search was carried out according to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), and the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) descriptors were defined as "wound dressing," "diabetes," "in vivo," and "electrospun." A total of 14 articles were retrieved from PubMed and Scopus databases. Results The results were based mainly on histological analysis and macroscopic evaluation, demonstrating moderate evidence synthesis for all experimental studies, showing a positive effect of electrospun skin dressings for diabetic wound treatment. Conclusion This review confirms the significant benefits of using electrospun skin dressings for skin repair and regeneration. All the inks used were demonstrated to be suitable for dressing manufacturing. Moreover, in vivo findings showed full wound closure in most of the studies, with well-organized dermal and epidermal layers.