Growth Mechanism and Properties of Nanostructure Cu2ZnSnSe4 Thin Films and Solar Cells

被引:4
作者
Wang, Siyu [1 ]
Shen, Zhan [2 ,3 ]
Liu, Yue [2 ,3 ]
Zhang, Yi [2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Tianjin Univ Commerce, Sch Informat Engn, Tianjin 300134, Peoples R China
[2] Nankai Univ, Inst Photoelect Thin Film Devices & Technol, Tianjin 300350, Peoples R China
[3] Nankai Univ, Tianjin Key Lab Thin Film Devices & Technol, Tianjin 300350, Peoples R China
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
kesterite-structured thin-film solar cells; growth mechanism; precursor stacking order; nanoscale small grains; nanoscale morphology; STACKING ORDER; SULFURIZATION; CRYSTALLIZATION; TEMPERATURE; IMPACT;
D O I
10.1021/acsanm.3c02717
中图分类号
TB3 [工程材料学];
学科分类号
0805 ; 080502 ;
摘要
The quality of the absorber layer is considerably important in thin-film solar cells. The precursor stacking with uniform distribution of metal elements is usually considered to be critical while preparing high-quality kesterite-structured thin-film solar cells. However, the Mo/Zn/Cu/Sn/Cu stacking order may be more reasonable after considering the growth mechanism of films. Herein, the growth mechanism and thus the solar cells prepared with these two stacking sequences Mo/Zn/Cu/Sn/Cu and Mo/Sn/Cu/Zn/Sn/Cu are studied in-depth. The cross-sectional images reveal that the Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) film prepared with the precursor stacking order of Mo/Zn/Cu/Sn/Cu shows large grains without nanoscale small grains at the bottom of the film, which is attributed to a top-to-bottom growth mechanism. However, the CZTSe film prepared with the precursor stacking order Mo/Sn/Cu/Zn/Sn/Cu has a bilayer structure. The crystallization of CZTSe at the top of the film is good, but its crystallization at the bottom of the film is poor because the SnSe2 liquid phase that assists the growth of CZTSe grains is absent in the bottom layer. The difference in nanoscale morphology and the growth mechanism of CZTSe films is mainly due to the difference in the locations of Zn layers in the precursor films. Therefore, the best CZTSe solar cells have been fabricated with the selenized Mo/Zn/Cu/Sn/Cu films and exhibit an efficiency of 10.28%. Further development of a high-quality kesterite-structured thin film is expected based on the growth mechanism studied herein.
引用
收藏
页码:16515 / 16523
页数:9
相关论文
共 32 条
[1]   Cu2Zn1-xCdxSn(Se1-ySy)4 solid solutions as absorber materials for solar cells [J].
Altosaar, M. ;
Raudoja, J. ;
Timmo, K. ;
Danilson, M. ;
Grossberg, M. ;
Krustok, J. ;
Mellikov, E. .
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE, 2008, 205 (01) :167-170
[2]  
[Anonymous], Best Research-Cell Efficiency Chart-Nrel.gov
[3]   Characterization of defects in 9.7% efficient Cu2ZnSnSe4-CdS-ZnO solar cells [J].
Brammertz, G. ;
Buffiere, M. ;
Oueslati, S. ;
ElAnzeery, H. ;
Ben Messaoud, K. ;
Sahayaraj, S. ;
Koeble, C. ;
Meuris, M. ;
Poortmans, J. .
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 2013, 103 (16)
[4]   Correlation between physical, electrical, and optical properties of Cu2ZnSnSe4 based solar cells [J].
Brammertz, G. ;
Buffiere, M. ;
Mevel, Y. ;
Ren, Y. ;
Zaghi, A. E. ;
Lenaers, N. ;
Mols, Y. ;
Koeble, C. ;
Vleugels, J. ;
Meuris, M. ;
Poortmans, J. .
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 2013, 102 (01)
[5]   On the formation mechanisms of Zn-rich Cu2ZnSnS4 films prepared by sulfurization of metallic stacks [J].
Fairbrother, Andrew ;
Fontane, Xavier ;
Izquierdo-Roca, Victor ;
Espindola-Rodriguez, Moises ;
Lopez-Marino, Simon ;
Placidi, Marcel ;
Calvo-Barrio, Lorenzo ;
Perez-Rodriguez, Alejandro ;
Saucedo, Edgardo .
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS, 2013, 112 :97-105
[6]   Precursors' order effect on the properties of sulfurized Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films [J].
Fernandes, P. A. ;
Salome, P. M. P. ;
da Cunha, A. F. .
SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 2009, 24 (10)
[7]   Elemental de-mixing-induced epitaxial kesterite/CdS interface enabling 13%-efficiency kesterite solar cells [J].
Gong, Yuancai ;
Zhu, Qiang ;
Li, Bingyan ;
Wang, Shanshan ;
Duan, Biwen ;
Lou, Licheng ;
Xiang, Chunxu ;
Jedlicka, Erin ;
Giridharagopal, Rajiv ;
Zhou, Yage ;
Dai, Qi ;
Yan, Weibo ;
Chen, Shiyou ;
Meng, Qingbo ;
Xin, Hao .
NATURE ENERGY, 2022, 7 (10) :966-977
[8]  
Gunawan O, 2012, APPL PHYS LETT, V100, DOI [10.1063/1.4729751, 10.1063/1.4729936]
[9]   Critical role of Zn/Sn ratio to enhance Cu-Zn-Sn-S solar cell efficiency by suppressing detrimental Cu2-xS secondary phase [J].
Kaur, Kulwinder ;
Sood, Mohit ;
Kumar, Naveen ;
Nazari, Heydar Honaryar ;
Gudavalli, Ganesh Sainadh ;
Dhakal, Tara P. ;
Kumar, Mukesh .
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS, 2018, 179 :22-30
[10]   Study of Cu2ZnSnSe4 monograin formation in molten KI starting from binary chalcogenides [J].
Klavina, Inga ;
Kaljuvee, Tiit ;
Timmo, Kristi ;
Raudoja, Jaan ;
Traksmaa, Rainer ;
Altosaar, Mare ;
Meissner, Dieter .
THIN SOLID FILMS, 2011, 519 (21) :7399-7402