Spatiotemporal Distribution Characteristics of PM2.5 Pollution and the Influential Meteorological Factors in the Henan Province, China, 2021

This paper presents an analysis of the temporal and spatial variation of PM2.5 pollution in Henan Province in 2021, based on monitoring and meteorological data. The findings indicate that areas with high concentrations of PM2.5 are primarily distributed in the central and northern parts of Henan Province, while areas with low values are primarily distributed in the southeast part of Henan Province. In winter, PM2.5 concentrations are high in the southwest and east-central parts, and lower in the southeast and northwest. The seasonal variation of PM2.5 concentration is low in summer and high in spring and winter. The monthly average of PM2.5 concentration exhibits a U-shaped pattern, with low values in the summer and higher values in the winter. The difference between workday and weekend PM2.5 concentrations is minor, and the daily average presents a pulse-type fluctuation. Peak PM2.5 concentrations occur in the morning in all seasons, while in winter the peak time is significantly postponed compared to other seasons. The most polluted cities distributed in northeastern Henan Province form a high-high agglomeration, and the cities located in northwestern Henan Province form a low-low agglomeration.