Patient Responsiveness to a Sleep and Circadian Intervention in a Sample of Adults With Serious Mental Illness

Understanding patient responsiveness, a component of fidelity, is essential as it impacts treatment outcome and ongoing use of treatment elements. This study evaluated patient responsiveness-operationalized as receptivity to treatment modules and ratings of the usefulness and the utilization of treatment elements-to the Transdiagnostic Intervention for Sleep and Circadian Dysfunction (TranS-C) in a sample of adults with serious mental illness (SMI) and sleep/circadian dysfunction. Adults with SMI and sleep/circadian dysfunction (N = 104) received TranS-C in a community mental health setting. Independent raters rated TranS-C sessions to assess receptivity. At posttreat-ment and 6-month follow-up, participants completed a usefulness scale, utilization scale, the PROMIS Sleep Dis-turbance (PROMIS-SD) and Sleep-Related Impairment (PROMIS-SRI) scales, DSM-5 Cross-Cutting Measure (DSM-5-CC), and Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS). Receptivity was rated as somewhat to fully understood, and pre-dicted a reduction on the DSM-5-CC. On average, participants rated TranS-C as moderately useful and uti-lized treatment elements occasionally. Ratings of useful-ness were associated with the PROMIS-SD, PROMIS-SRI, and DSM-5-CC at posttreatment, but not with the SDS. Ratings of utilization were not associated with out-come. The findings add to the literature on patient respon-siveness, an implementation outcome, and provide data on the utility of TranS-C within a community mental health setting.