Biosorption of Lead (II) and Aluminum (III) From Real Water Samples Onto Precursor Pistachio Shells: Adsorption Characteristics, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies

In this study, low-cost biosorbent has been produced from the precursor pistachio shells (PPS). The physicochemical properties, and chemical composition of PPS and the active surface functional groups involved in adsorption were identified using BET and N2 adsorption isotherm, pHPZC and FTIR. The PPS biosorbent was applied for the elimination of lead (II) and aluminum (III) from real water samples, where the efficiency was evaluated as functions of pH value, the initial Pb(II) and Al (III) amount, concentration of adsorbent, adsorption time, temperature and co-existing ions. The results showed that the PPS biosorbent showed excellent adsorption efficiencies towards Pb(II) and Al(III) with a maximum adsorption capacity of 35.08 and 12.77 mgg-1, for Pb(II) and Al(III) , respectively.The adsorption kinetic and isotherm reflect that the adsorption of Pb(II) and AL(III) onto PPS biosorbent obeyed pseudo-2-order and Langmuir isotherm model, respectively.An endothermic and spontaneous adsorption process of Pb(II) and AL(III) was confirmed by the calculated thermodynamic functions.