In-syringe vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determination of copper and vanadium in food samples using a new poly functionalized pyridinone derivative as a complexing agent and soybean oil methyl ester as extraction solvent

Traditional liquid-phase extraction procedures are against the principles of green chemistry. Therefore, it is important to develop eco-friendly procedures. In this study, an in-syringe vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (IS-VA-DLLME) approach was developed for the separation of Cu2+ and V5+. Soybean oil methyl ester (SBME) was used as the extraction solvent for the first time, and a newly synthesized poly functionalized pyridinone derivative, that is, 3-acetyl-4-hydroxy-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one (AHHP), was employed as the complexing agent. The extraction was performed using a commercial syringe and enhanced by vortex agitation. Under the optimum conditions, a wide linear range was achieved for V5+ (0.3-500.0 mu g L-1) and Cu2+ (0.4-800.0 mu g L-1) with limits of detection of 0.07 and 0.09 mu g L-1, for V5+ and Cu2+, respectively. Reasonable enrichment factors were obtained for V5+ (19.8) and Cu2+ (20.3), for the 10.0 mL sample. The within- and between-run precision (RSD) was in the range of 1.6-2.2% (n = 10). The validity of this procedure was evaluated using certified reference materials. The proposed technique was used to separate V5+ and Cu2+ from different food samples prior to inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometric analysis with relative recoveries ranging from 95.0 to 105.0%.