Dark tourism, the holocaust, and well-being: A systematic review

被引:12
|
作者
Magano, Jose [1 ]
Fraiz-Brea, Jose Antonio [2 ,3 ]
Leite, Angela [4 ]
机构
[1] Univ Autonoma Lisboa, Res Ctr Business & Econ CICEE, Rua Sta Marta 47,5 Andar, P-1150293 Lisbon, Portugal
[2] Univ Vigo, Business Adm, Dept Business Org, Orense 32004, Spain
[3] Univ Vigo, Tourism Sch, Orense 32004, Spain
[4] Portuguese Catholic Univ, Fac Philosophy & Social Sci, Ctr Philosoph & Humanist Studies, Rua Camoes 60, P-4710362 Braga, Portugal
关键词
Dark tourism; Holocaust; Well-being; Thanatourism; Systematic review; ANCHOR PERIODS; LATE-LIFE; SURVIVORS; SITES; THANATOURISM; EXPERIENCE; PERSONALITY; EMOTIONS; VISITORS; TRAUMA;
D O I
10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13064
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Dark tourists experience negative and positive feelings in Holocaust places, suggesting emotional ambivalence. The research question of this study is, "is feeling well-being, as a consequence of dark tourism, a way of banalizing the horror?". The purpose of this study is threefold: to provide an updated systematic literature review (SLR) of dark tourism associated with Holocaust sites and visitors' well-being; to structure the findings into categories that provide a comprehensive overview of the topics; and to identify which topics are not well covered, thus suggesting knowledge gaps. Records to be included should be retrievable articles in peer-reviewed academic journals, books, and book chapters, all focused on the SLR's aims and the research question; other types of publications were outrightly excluded. The search was performed in Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases with three keywords and combinations: "dark tourism", "Holocaust", and "well-being". Methodological decisions were based on the Risk of Bias Assess-ment Tool for Nonrandomized Studies (RoBANS). This systematic review adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. During the process, 144 documents were included, of which 126 were journal articles, 8 were books, and 10 were book chapters. The results point out a hierarchical structure with the main category (Dark tourism -Holocaust -Well-being) and three second-order categories (Dark tourism -Holocaust, Dark tourism -Well-being, and Holocaust -Well-being), from which different subcategories emerge: motivations for visiting places and guiding; ambivalent emotional experience that leads to the transformation of the self; and intergenerational trauma. The gaps identified were the trivialization of horror in Holocaust places; dark tourist profile; motivations and constraints behind visiting dark places; Holocaust survivors and their descendants' well-being; how dark tourism associated with the Holocaust positively or negatively impacts well-being. Major limi-tations included: lack of randomized allocation; lack of standard outcome definitions; and sub-optimal comparison groups. Positive and negative impacts on the well-being of the Holocaust dark tourist were sought, as they are associated with the marketing and management, promotion, digital communication, guiding, or storytelling design of such locations.
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页数:22
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