Entropy Analysis of Three-dimensional Stretched Magnetized Hybrid Nanofluid with Thermal Radiation and Heat Generation

In many intricate processes, ranging from astronomy to biology, entropy generation is important. In order to enhance mechanical networks, such as heat radiators, components of atomic and thermal energy facilities, respiration, and refrigeration equipment, the entropy generation minimization approach could be used. In this paper, we examine entropy formation in a 3D stretching sheet involving titanium dioxide and copper utilizing a Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model. By utilizing the appropriate transformations, multiple sets of affiliated PDEs were transformed into ODEs. Equations that have been transformed are resolved by OHAM. On a graphic representation, aspects of physical specifications on speed, temperature, and concentration, as well as entropy generation, are described. It should be observed that improvement in fluid variables behaves in opposition to fluid velocity when related to temperature and concentration. Furthermore, thermal profiles improve when Eckert and Prandtl numbers are larger. It is observed that entropy increases with higher magnetic parameters, the Brinkman number, thermal radiation, the Eckert number, and the Reynolds number.