Antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiglaucoma, and anticholinergic effects of Tayfi grape (Vitis vinifera): A phytochemical screening by LC-MS/MS analysis

Grapes (Vitis vinifera), grape extracts, and grape products are known to possess beneficial effects. Antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibition activities of Tayfi grape (Vitis vinifera) extracts were studied and compared to standards. The IC50 values of the ethanol extract of the Tayfi grape's scavenging abilities for ABTS(center dot+) and DPPH. radicals were found to be 5.9 and 16.1 mu g/mL, respectively, higher than those of positive controls. Also, the phenolic and flavonoid ingredients of the Tayfi grape seed ethanol extract were measured to be 82.8 mg GAE/g and 91 mg QE/g. The Tayfi grape seed water and ethanol extracts exhibited IC50 values of 5.3 and 5.8 mu g/mL toward a-glycosidase, respectively; 385.2 and 567.6 mu g/mL toward a-amylase; 27.1 and 13.8 mu g/mL toward acetylcholinesterase (AChE); and 54.7 and 12.6 mu g/mL toward CA II. Twenty-two biomolecules were detected by LC- MS/MS. The four types of conventional antibiotics utilized by hospitals proved ineffective against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. The Tayfi grape ethanol and water extracts had high AChE, alpha-glycosidase, and CA II inhibitions in addition to having antioxidant activity. The use of Tayfi grape extracts for pharmacological purposes in individuals with the diseases mentioned above can be sustained by clinical pharmacology studies.