Exciton diffusion and dissociation in organic and quantum-dot solar cells

For the process of photovoltaic conversion in organic solar cells (OSCs) and quantum-dot solar cells (QDSCs), three of four steps are determined by exciton behavior, namely, exciton generation, exciton diffusion, and exciton dissociation. Therefore, it is of great importance to regulate exciton behavior in OSCs and QDSCs for achieving high power conversion efficiency. Due to the rapid development in materials and device fabrication, great progress has been made to manage the exciton behavior to achieve prolonged exciton diffusion length and improved exciton dissociation in recent years. In this review, we first introduce the parameters that affect exciton behavior, followed by the methods to measure exciton diffusion length. Then, we provide an overview of the recent advances with regard to exciton behavior investigation in OSCs and QDSCs, including exciton lifetime, exciton diffusion coefficient, and exciton dissociation. Finally, we propose future directions in deepening the understanding of exciton behavior and boosting the performance of OSCs and QDSCs.