Educational Robotics and Teaching Programming to Develop Computational Thinking Skills: A Systematic Literature Review

Computational thinking is a strategy used in the teaching and learning process, aiming to develop the student's critical and creative sense in an interdisciplinary way, necessary skills of this century such as, for example, problem-solving ability, communication, protagonism, emotional skills, innovation and technology and collective sense. Based on this premise, this article presents a systematic literature review on the relationship between Educational Robotics and Programming Teaching, with the aim of understanding how this relationship contributes to the development of Computational Thinking. In this context, we sought to verify the benefits of inserting this approach in the educational context, what levels of education are these concepts being worked on, if there is a specific curriculum that provides the necessary foundation and what are the teaching strategies adopted to stimulate the Computational Thinking skills. From this investigation, it can be stated that the teaching of robotics combined with the teaching of programming contributes significantly to the development of Computational Thinking, from the early years of the initial series. It was possible to verify that there is no specific curriculum and despite the numerous programs and platforms used to develop computational Scratch, and the Kit are the ones that stand out the most.