Map rooms and cartographic sections: the tactical mapmaking of the American expeditionary force in the Great War

被引:1
作者
Radunzel, Joel [1 ]
机构
[1] Kansas State Univ, Dept Geog & Geospatial Sci, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA
关键词
History of cartography; military cartography; World War I;
D O I
10.1080/23729333.2023.2282267
中图分类号
TP [自动化技术、计算机技术];
学科分类号
0812 ;
摘要
The Great War of 1914-1918 marked important developments in the evolution of military cartography. While recent research has examined these developments in the context of the European belligerent armies, including those of the British, Italians, and Germans, little research has explored the mapmaking efforts of the American forces that participated in the closing months of the conflict. This paper examines how the Army- and Corps-level headquarters of the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) in France used tactical maps to visualize spatial information and control the operations of subordinate forces on the battlefield to better understand how these novel mapmaking processes developed. The research draws upon archival records-including the AEF's maps and official documents-to understand how the AEF acted as a cartographic system that collected, transmitted, mapped, and distributed spatial information. The research indicates that the AEF mapmakers learned from the cartographic techniques of the other allied armies to develop a form and language of cartography that was distinct to the American army in France. These results reinforce the conclusions of other scholars that have argued that the Great War marks an important point in the evolution of military cartography. La premiere guerre Mondiale de 1914-1918 a induit d'importantes evolutions de la cartographie militaire. Alors que de nombreuses recherches recentes ont etudie ces evolutions pour les armees belligerantes, dont celles des Anglais, Italiens et Allemands, relativement peu de travaux ont explore les efforts cartographiques des forces americaines qui ont participe aux derniers mois du conflit. Cet article examine comment les quartiers generaux de l'American Expeditionary Force (AEF) en France ont utilise des cartes tactiques pour visualiser les informations spatiales et controler les operations des forces subordonnees sur le champ de bataille afin de mieux comprendre comment ces nouveaux processus de cartographie se sont developpes. La recherche s'appuie sur des documents d'archives - dont les cartes et les documents officiels de l'AEF, ainsi que des documents personnels de cartographes americains - pour comprendre comment l'AEF a agi comme un acteur cartographique collectant, transmettant, cartographiant et distribuant l'information geographique. La recherche montre que les cartographes de l'AEF se sont inspires des techniques cartographiques des autres armees alliees pour developper une forme et un langage cartographiques propres a l'armee americaine en France. Ces resultats renforcent les conclusions d'autres chercheurs qui ont affirme que la Grande Guerre marque une etape importante dans l'evolution de la cartographie militaire.
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页数:22
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