Artificial Intelligence in Emergency Structures: the Role of Training and Human Oversight

The research on artificial intelligence (AI) applied to emergency medicine and its daily use in emergency departments has significantly increased in recent years. AI should be considered as a tool to assist in the diagnosis and therapeutic management of patients and to improve the orga-nization of the emergency departments, particularly conside-ring contextual constraints from several aspects. AI has not only advantages (reproducibility, speed) but also risks (error, loss of critical thinking). Like the General Data Protection Regulation, especially for health, the European Commission has published a draft regulation called "AI Act" for the design, development, and use of AI algorithms. It wishes to impose, among other things, a human guarantee, in other words, human supervision to ensure the safety of patients, caregivers, and institutions. The establishment of a multipro-fessional human guarantee college aiming to guarantee the supervision of AI tools from design, development, deploy-ment, and daily use will thus ensure the long-term safety of patients.