Distributionally robust generation expansion planning of gas-fired distributed generation with demand response

This paper proposes a distributionally robust expansion planning framework for the gas -fired distributed generation in the interconnected distribution and natural gas networks with demand response. The proposed formulation accounts for the uncertainties associated with the electricity demand, natural gas demand, PV generation outputs, and demand bidding price. The ambiguity sets for the uncertain variables are constructed based on the Wasserstein distance. The expansion planning decisions are obtained under the worst probability distributions of the uncertain parameters. The problem is decomposed using Benders decomposition and solved in multi -stages to preserve the autonomous operation of the independent networks. The expansion planning of the gas -fired distributed generation is determined in the master problem, and the feasibility and optimality of the decisions in the power and natural gas networks are ensured using the corresponding sub -problems. The modified IEEE 34 -bus distribution network connected with a 11 -node natural gas network and the modified IEEE 123 -bus system with a 28 -node natural gas network are used to validate the efficiency of the proposed planning framework.