Fire safety assessment for older adults in high-rise residential buildings in India: a comprehensive study

Purpose The statistics show that older adults have been major fire victims in high-rise buildings. However, the fire safety building codes in most countries are not inclusive and do not reflect provisions for older adults. The research aims to develop a fire risk assessment index system for older adults living in high-rise residential buildings in India. The study further develops a fire rating system to improve fire safety provisions in high-rise buildings in India. Design/methodology/approach The paper employs Delphi, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive risk evaluation techniques. It considers 18 in-depth interviews and group discussions with builders, developers, architects, policymakers, and fire safety experts and consultants to develop a fire risk assessment system for older occupants living in high-rise residential buildings in India. Findings The fire protection systems and fire management systems are not as per the needs of older adults. The egress system components need improvisation considering the challenges of older adults. Research limitations/implications The study is limited to older adults living in high-rise residential buildings in the capital city of Gujarat, Ahmedabad. Practical implications This study will assist policymakers in developing fire safety standards that are targeted to the needs of older persons living in high-rise residential buildings during a fire evacuation. Originality/value While several approaches for measuring fire risk in high-rise residential buildings exist, no such system has been developed specifically for older adults in India.