A New Method for Short Text Compression

Short texts cannot be compressed effectively with general-purpose compression methods. Methods developed to compress short texts often use static dictionaries. In order to achieve high compression ratios, using a static dictionary suitable for the text to be compressed is an important problem that needs to be solved. In this study, a method called WSDC (Word-based Static Dictionary Compression), which can compress short texts at a high ratio, and a model that uses iterative clustering to create static dictionaries used in this method are proposed. The number of static dictionaries to be created can vary by running the k-Means clustering algorithm iteratively according to some rules. A method called DSWF (Dictionary Selection by Word Frequency) is also presented to determine which of the created dictionaries can compress the source text at the best ratio. Wikipedia article abstracts consisting of 6 different languages were used as the dataset in the experiments. The developed WSDC method is compared with both general-purpose compression methods (Gzip, Bzip2, PPMd, Brotli and Zstd) and special methods used for compression of short texts (shoco, b64pack and smaz). According to the test results, although WSDC is slower than some other methods, it achieves the best compression ratios for short texts smaller than 200 bytes and better than other methods except Zstd for short texts smaller than 1000 bytes.