Extraction Methods and Applications of Bioactive Compounds from Neem (Azadirachta indica): A Mini-Review

Neem tree (Azadirachta indica), native to the Indian subcontinent, is known as a versatile plant, a rich source of bioactive compounds such as azadirachtin, nimonol, nimocinol, nimocinolide, gallic acid, gallocatechin, epicatechin, azadiradione, nimbin, salannin, epoxyazadiradione, etc. The isolated phytochemicals from neem, among others, are more than 300. The present work details the techniques for extracting compounds from different parts of neem, such as bark, husk seed, seed, seed oil, tree, leaves, and flowers. Furthermore, it comments on the various applications, including medicinal, environmental, and veterinary, of the neem-derived bioactive compounds, as well as their use in cattle raising and in cosmetics, disinfectants, rubber, and textile production, on the basis of a systematic documentary analysis from 2019 onwards.