A Comparative Study of Explainable AI models in the Assessment of Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is characterized by complex and heterogeneous nature and as a result, there's currently no cure. Medications can help control the progression and ease the symptoms of MS. The scientific interest in the field of explainable artificial intelligence (AI) comes to the surface and aims to assist computer-aided diagnostic systems to be established in medical use by providing understandable and transparent information to the experts. The objective of this study was to present different learning methods of explainable AI models in the assessment of MS disease based on clinical data and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesion texture features and compare them by focusing on the main findings. The learning methods used machine learning and argumentation theory to differentiate subjects with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) from progressive MS (PMS) subjects and provide explanations. The results showed that the different learning methods achieved a high accuracy of 99% and gave similar explanations as they extracted the same set of rules. It is hoped that the proposed methodology could lead to personalized treatment in the management of MS disease.