Alcohol consumption and socioeconomic status associated with the risk of kidney cancer in a large Australian cohort study

Purpose: Studies have shown an inverse association between alcohol consumption and kidney cancer risk. We postulate that this inverse association may be further influenced by other risk factors. Methods: We used an Australian cohort, the 45 and Up Study, recruited between 2005 and 2009 to in-vestigate the association between alcohol consumption, and other potential risk factors and kidney cancer incidence. The median follow-up was 5.4 years. Results: Of the 267,357 participants aged & LE;45 years living in New South Wales, 497 were diagnosed with kidney cancer. There was a significant inverse association between alcohol consumption and risk of kidney cancer (P= .027), and a significant inverse dose-response relationship (P= .011). There was a significant interaction between alcohol consumption and socioeconomic status (P interaction = .001). Participants residing in higher socioeconomic areas (the two most advantaged quintiles) who consumed 8-10 drinks or greater than 10 drinks per week, respectively, had a lower risk of kidney cancer compared to the group who consumed 1-4 drinks per week (hazard ratio (HR) 0.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.15-0.76, HR 0.51, 95% CI 0.31-0.83) with a dose-response trend of HR 0.62 (95% CI 0.42-0.93) per 7 drink increase in weekly alcohol consumption. Conclusions: There could be an inverse association between alcohol consumption and risk in those residents in higher socioeconomic areas. & COPY; 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.