Extremely Red Galaxies at z=5-9 with MIRI and NIRSpec: Dusty Galaxies or Obscured Active Galactic Nuclei?

被引：82

作者：

Barro, Guillermo ^{[1
]}

Perez-Gonzalez, Pablo G. ^{[2
]}

Kocevski, Dale D. ^{[3
]}

McGrath, Elizabeth J. ^{[3
]}

Trump, Jonathan R. ^{[4
]}

Simons, Raymond C. ^{[4
]}

Somerville, Rachel S. ^{[5
]}

Yung, L. Y. Aaron ^{[6
]}

Haro, Pablo Arrabal ^{[7
]}

Akins, Hollis B. ^{[8
]}

Bagley, Michaela B. ^{[8
]}

Cleri, Nikko J. ^{[9
,10
]}

Costantin, Luca ^{[11
]}

Davis, Kelcey ^{[4
]}

Dickinson, Mark ^{[7
]}

Finkelstein, Steve L. ^{[8
]}

Giavalisco, Mauro ^{[12
]}

Gomez-Guijarro, Carlos ^{[13
]}

Hathi, Nimish P. ^{[14
]}

Hirschmann, Michaela ^{[15
]}

Holwerda, Benne W. ^{[16
]}

Huertas-Company, Marc ^{[17
,18
,19
]}

Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S. ^{[20
]}

Koekemoer, Anton M. ^{[21
]}

Lucas, Ray A. ^{[21
]}

Papovich, Casey ^{[9
,10
]}

Pirzkal, Nor ^{[21
]}

Seille, Lise-Marie ^{[22
]}

Tacchella, Sandro ^{[23
,24
]}

Wuyts, Stijn ^{[25
]}

Wilkins, Stephen M. ^{[26
,27
]}

de la Vega, Alexander ^{[28
]}

Yang, Guang ^{[29
,30
]}

Zavala, Jorge A. ^{[31
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Pacific, Dept Phys & Astron, Stockton, CA 90340 USA

[2] Ctr Astrobiol CAB, CSIC INTA, Ctra Ajalvir km 4, E-28850 Torrejon De Ardoz, Madrid, Spain

[3] Colby Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterville, ME 04901 USA

[4] Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, 196A Auditorium Rd,Unit 3046, Storrs, CT 06269 USA

[5] Flatiron Inst, Ctr Computat Astrophys, 162 5th Ave, New York, NY 10010 USA

[6] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA

[7] NSFs Natl Opt Infrared Astron Res Lab, 950 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA

[8] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX USA

[9] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA

[10] Texas A&M Univ, George P & Cynthia Woods Mitchell Inst Fundamental, College Stn, TX 77843 USA

[11] Ctr Astrobiol CAB CSIC INTA, Ctra Ajalvir km 4, E-28850 Torrejon De Ardoz, Madrid, Spain

[12] Univ Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant St, Amherst, MA 01003 USA

[13] Univ Paris Saclay, Univ Paris Cite, CEA, CNRS,AIM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France

[14] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD USA

[15] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne EPFL, Inst Phys, Lab Galaxy Evolut, Observ Sauverny, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland

[16] Univ Louisville, Phys & Astron Dept, Louisville, KY 40292 USA

[17] Inst Astrofis Canarias, San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

[18] Univ La Laguna, San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

[19] Univ Paris Cite, LERMA Observ Paris, PSL, Paris, France

[20] Rochester Inst Technol, Sch Phys & Astron, Lab Multiwavelength Astrophys, 84 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA

[21] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA

[22] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM Marseille, Marseille, France

[23] Univ Cambridge, Kavli Inst Cosmol, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England

[24] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, 19 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England

[25] Univ Bath, Dept Phys, Bath BA2 7AY, England

[26] Univ Sussex, Astron Ctr, Brighton BN1 9QH, England

[27] Univ Malta, Inst Space Sci & Astron, MSD-2080 Msida, Malta

[28] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, 900 Univ Ave, Riverside, CA 92521 USA

[29] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, POB 800, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands

[30] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Postbus 800, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands

[31] Natl Astron Observ Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL | 2024年 / 963卷 / 02期

关键词：

Galaxy formation; Galaxy evolution; High-redshift galaxies; Stellar populations; James Webb Space Telescope; Galaxy photometry; STELLAR POPULATION SYNTHESIS; HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; COMPACT QUIESCENT GALAXIES; UV LUMINOSITY FUNCTIONS; BROAD-LINE AGNS; TO; 8; GALAXIES; STRONG H-BETA; STAR-FORMATION; MASSIVE GALAXIES;

D O I：

10.3847/1538-4357/ad167e

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We study a new population of extremely red objects (EROs) recently discovered by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) based on their NIRCam colors F277W - F444W > 1.5 mag. We find 37 EROs in the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science Survey (CEERS) field with F444W < 28 mag and photometric redshifts between 5 < z < 7, with median z=6.9(-1.6)(+1.0) . Surprisingly, despite their red long-wavelength colors, these EROs have blue short-wavelength colors (F150W - F200W similar to 0 mag) indicative of bimodal spectral energy distributions (SEDs) with a red, steep slope in the rest-frame optical, and a blue, flat slope in the rest-frame UV. Moreover, all these EROs are unresolved, point-like sources in all NIRCam bands. We analyze the SEDs of eight of them with MIRI and NIRSpec observations using stellar population models and active galactic nucleus (AGN) templates. We find that dusty galaxies or obscured AGNs provide similarly good SED fits but different stellar properties: massive and dusty, logM(star)/M-circle dot similar to 10 and A(V) greater than or similar to 3 mag, or low mass and obscured, logM(star)/M-circle dot similar to 7.5 and A(V) similar to 0 mag, hosting an obscured quasi-stellar object (QSO). SED modeling does not favor either scenario, but their unresolved sizes are more suggestive of AGNs. If any EROs are confirmed to have logM(star)/M-circle dot greater than or similar to 10.5, it would increase the pre-JWST number density at z > 7 by up to a factor similar to 60. Similarly, if they are QSOs with luminosities in the L-bol > 10(45-46) erg s(-1) range, their number would exceed that of bright blue QSOs by more than three orders of magnitude. Additional photometry at mid-infrared wavelengths will reveal the true nature of the red continuum emission in these EROs and will place this puzzling population in the right context of galaxy evolution.

引用

页数：23

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