Performance of new synthesized emulsifiers in ecofriendly metal cutting fluid formulations

This study aims to prepare mono and gemini nonionic emulsifiers differing in HLB to utilize in formulated metal cutting fluids. Also, the cationic gemini surfactant (GCS) was prepared and applied as a corrosion inhibitor and biocide in the formulations. FT-IR and NMR confirmed the chemical structure of the prepared compounds. Different oil package formulations were prepared by adding different trial concentrations of the additives (emulsifier, corrosion inhibitor, coupling agent, and biocide) to the eco-friendly vegetable oil (castor oil). Standard procedures were performed to assess the stability of the formulated base oil packages. Six Formulas demonstrated the greatest oil stability. Oil in water emulsions with varying formulated oil ratios (5-15 wt%) were prepared. A standard test was carried out to evaluate their performance as emulsion stability. It's been demonstrated that Formulas II and V produced stable emulsions. The wettability alteration of formulas II and V on different metal surfaces was evaluated. The droplet size of formulated castor oil in water was determined via DLS. Corrosion test and tribological properties were also performed. The findings of this study indicate that Formula V is a good choice as a renewable addition for enhancing a variety of performance characteristics of the water-based cutting fluid.