Synergistic Immunity and Protection in Mice by Co-Immunization with DNA Vaccines Encoding the Spike Protein and Other Structural Proteins of SARS-CoV-2

被引:3
作者
Chen, Jinni [1 ,2 ]
Huang, Baoying [2 ]
Deng, Yao [2 ]
Wang, Wen [2 ]
Zhai, Chengcheng [2 ]
Han, Di [2 ]
Wang, Na [3 ]
Zhao, Ying [3 ]
Zhai, Desheng [1 ]
Tan, Wenjie [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Xinxiang Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Xinxiang 453003, Peoples R China
[2] Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, NHC Key Lab Biosafety, China CDC, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China
[3] Xinxiang Med Univ, Sch Pharm, Xinxiang 453003, Peoples R China
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; co-immunization; DNA vaccine; spike protein; structural protein; NUCLEOCAPSID PROTEIN; SARS-COV;
D O I
10.3390/vaccines11020243
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
The emergence of new variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has generated recurring worldwide infection outbreaks. These highly mutated variants reduce the effectiveness of current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, which are designed to target only the spike (S) protein of the original virus. Except for the S of SARS-CoV-2, the immunoprotective potential of other structural proteins (nucleocapsid, N; envelope, E; membrane, M) as vaccine target antigens is still unclear and worthy of investigation. In this study, synthetic DNA vaccines encoding four SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins (pS, pN, pE, and pM) were developed, and mice were immunized with three doses via intramuscular injection and electroporation. Notably, co-immunization with two DNA vaccines that expressed the S and N proteins induced higher neutralizing antibodies and was more effective in reducing the SARS-CoV-2 viral load than the S protein alone in mice. In addition, pS co-immunization with either pN or pE + pM induced a higher S protein-specific cellular immunity after three immunizations and caused milder histopathological changes than pS alone post-challenge. The role of the conserved structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2, including the N/E/M proteins, should be investigated further for their applications in vaccine design, such as mRNA vaccines.
引用
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页数:12
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