Lifelong informal language learning in the digital age: An ecological perspective on three learners' learning journeys

Informed by ecological approaches to second language development (SLD), the current study looked into three adult English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) learners' quests of engaging in lifelong, informal language learning in the digital age. Data from in-depth interviews revealed that popular culture presented in different media forms offered learners with an entry point into English learning as well as continuous sources of information and entertainment in the digital age. In their informal language learning, the participants all stressed the important role of mastering the fundamental language elements (e.g. vocabulary and diction) and being able to apply their knowledge to real-life settings. Their depictions of their ideal self also revealed their learning goals and future aspirations. These research outcomes contribute to our understanding of the complex ecology of lifelong informal language learning in the digital age. As lifelong learning becomes ever more important in the modern knowledge-based society, these research results provide insights into ways of supporting learners inside and outside the formal classroom boundaries.