Detection of glucose concentrations in urine based on coupling of Tamm-Fano resonance in photonic crystals

Glucose in urine sensors are important bio-photonic devices and are used for monitoring the glucose concentration level within the human body through urine samples. They do not require blood samples for knowing glucose levels in humans. Such bio-photonic sensors restrict the process of pricking a needle to take blood samples of patients whose glucose concentration must be investigated. In this manuscript, we are presenting a novel way by which Tamm- Fano resonant dip inside photonic band gap of structure associated with Kretschmann-Raether configuration. The proposed study can be utilized as a high-performance urine sensor to know the glucose concentration of the sample under investigation with high accuracy. The proposed glucose in urine sensor is composed of an ultra-thick sample layer sandwiched between one-dimensional binary photonic crystal and a thin metallic layer of gold deposited on a glass prism of refractive index 2.5. The MATLAB software and standard transfer matrix method have been used to carry out the investigation of this work. Under optimum conditions, our proposed structure possesses ultra-high sensitivity (14,152 nm/RIU or 17 nm/gm/dl) and extremely low limit of detection (7.8 x 10(-7) RIU) values in contrast to the existing bio-photonic sensors. Thus, the ultra-high sensing capabilities and simplicity of the proposed glucose in urine sensor design make our structure to be used in medical diagnostics.