Migration, otherness and racialized practices. Ecuador, from the end of the 19th century to the first decades of the 20th century

In this article, we focus on the Chinese population, the gypsies and the Jews who emigrated to Ecuador, as archetypes of the foreign and undesira-ble population, in the Andean country, between the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. Different discourses, practices and actions were built around these three groups, which later found a place in praxis and, partially, in the country's current legislation. It is argued that Ecuador was built as a nation-state also through the diffusion of certain prejudices and phenome-na of exclusion, on an economic and racial basis that were widespread in soci-ety. The sources used in this study are mainly parliamentary debates, the press of the time, and the archives of the Ecuadorian Ministry of the Interior.