SARS-CoV-2 Spike-Mediated Entry and Its Regulation by Host Innate Immunity

被引：7

作者：

Yu, Shi ^{[1
,2
]}

Hu, Huina ^{[2
]}

Ai, Qiangyun ^{[2
]}

Bai, Rong ^{[2
]}

Ma, Kaixiong ^{[2
]}

Zhou, Minmin ^{[2
]}

Wang, Shaobo ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Guangzhou Med Univ, State Key Lab Resp Dis, Guangzhou 511400, Peoples R China

[2] Guangzhou Int Bioisl, Dept Basic Res, Guangzhou Lab, Guangzhou 510005, Peoples R China

来源：

VIRUSES-BASEL | 2023年 / 15卷 / 03期

关键词：

SARS-CoV-2; spike; S1; S2; host proteases; proteolytic processing; virus host interaction; innate immune responses; RESPIRATORY-SYNDROME-CORONAVIRUS; EFFICIENT REPLICATION; RECEPTOR-BINDING; FUSION PEPTIDE; CELL ENTRY; CRYO-EM; PROTEIN; ACTIVATION; VARIANT; TRANSMISSION;

D O I：

10.3390/v15030639

中图分类号：

Q93 [微生物学];

学科分类号：

071005 ; 100705 ;

摘要：

The constantly evolving severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern (VOC) fuel the worldwide coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The spike protein is essential for the SARS-CoV-2 viral entry and thus has been extensively targeted by therapeutic antibodies. However, mutations along the spike in SARS-CoV-2 VOC and Omicron subvariants have caused more rapid spread and strong antigenic drifts, rendering most of the current antibodies ineffective. Hence, understanding and targeting the molecular mechanism of spike activation is of great interest in curbing the spread and development of new therapeutic approaches. In this review, we summarize the conserved features of spike-mediated viral entry in various SARS-CoV-2 VOC and highlight the converging proteolytic processes involved in priming and activating the spike. We also summarize the roles of innate immune factors in preventing spike-driven membrane fusion and provide outlines for the identification of novel therapeutics against coronavirus infections.

引用

页数：19

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