Green synthesis by celery seed extract and improvement of the anticancer activity of quercetin-loaded rGO/Ca 1-x Mn x Fe 2 O 4 nanocarriers using UV light in breast cancer cells

In this study, rGO/Ca 1-x Mn x Fe 2 O 4 (0 < x < 1) nanocomposites were synthesized by using the hydrothermal method as photosensitizer and nanocarriers (NCs) in the delivery of Quercetin (Que). The ferrite nanoparticles were prepared by thermal treatment method and then reducing graphene oxide (GO) was performed by celery seed extract (CSE) as a reducing agent. After that, the hydrothermal method was used for anchoring NCs on GO nanosheets. The drug loading and release study of Que showed a good loading efficiency of NCs and as the pH decreased from 7.4 to 5.8, the release percentage of Que from NCs was increased. The MTT assay was used to study the cytotoxicity of NCs against HEK 293-T human cells which were in the range of 26.6 -39.2% for the highest concentrations (60 mu g/ml). Moreover, the MTT method was applied to measure the cell viability of MCF-7 cancer cells without and under UV light. The amount of MCF-7 cell destruction increased because of the easy penetration of Que into the cancer cells in anticancer activity without UV light. The anticancer activity under UV light was improved, which was related to the increase in ROS production resulting from the enhanced dose of NCs. Therefore, these NCs can act as drug delivery systems, and their low toxicity and high efficacy can make them applicable as photosensitizers (PSs) and NCs on MCF-7 cell destruction under UV light.(c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.