Photoperiodism and overwintering in boreal and sub-Arctic Calanus finmarchicus populations

被引:6
作者
Coguiec, Estelle [1 ]
Last, Kim S. [2 ]
Cohen, Jonathan H. [3 ]
Hobbs, Laura [2 ]
Choquet, Marvin [4 ,5 ]
Ershova, Elizaveta [6 ]
Berge, Jorgen [1 ,7 ]
Daase, Malin [1 ]
机构
[1] UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Dept Arctic & Marine Biol, N-9019 Tromso, Norway
[2] Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Oban PA37 1QA, Argyll, Scotland
[3] Univ Delaware, Sch Marine Sci & Policy, Lewes, DE 19958 USA
[4] Nord Univ, Fac Biosci & Aquaculture, Bodo, Norway
[5] Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Biochem & Microbiol, Uppsala, Sweden
[6] Inst Marine Res, Bergen, Norway
[7] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Ctr Autonomous Marine Operat & Syst AMOS, Dept Biol, Trondheim, Norway
基金
英国自然环境研究理事会;
关键词
Locomotor activity; Latitudinal seasonality; Lipid; Overwintering; Zooplankton; VERTICAL MIGRATION; CIRCADIAN CLOCK; LOCOMOTOR-ACTIVITY; MARINE COPEPOD; NORTH-ATLANTIC; WAX ESTERS; DIAPAUSE; ZOOPLANKTON; HELGOLANDICUS; PHYTOPLANKTON;
D O I
10.3354/meps14307
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
The copepod Calanus finmarchicus, a key species in the North Atlantic, generally spends the non-productive season by descending into deep waters and entering diapause, a physiological state characterized by reduced metabolism and arrested development. In the open ocean, overwintering depths are below 600 m, where temperature and light conditions are favourable to initiate diapause. However, C. finmarchicus has also been reported diapausing in areas with shallow water depth such as fjords, coastal waters and shelf seas. In these environments, the temperature and light conditions are different, and it has been hypothesized that under such conditions C. finmarchicus may remain active throughout winter. Here, we investigated changes in the swimming activity of C. finmarchicus from shallow fjords in the eastern North Atlantic during overwintering in response to ambient photoperiod. We conducted monthly experiments with populations from 2 fjords from different latitudes (sub-Arctic Ramfjord, 69 degrees N and boreal Loch Etive, 56 degrees N), measuring the locomotor activity of individual C. finmarchicus stage CVs exposed to a natural light:dark cycle. At both locations, peaks in activity in response to the light cycle were observed to shift from nocturnal during the early overwintering phase to diurnal during mid and late overwintering phase, with a minimal intensity observed during the mid-overwintering phase. In Ramfjord, activity and rhythmicity were generally lower than in Loch Etive. We conclude that C. finmarchicus remains active throughout its overwintering period when in shallow (<200 m) locations but down-regulates its locomotor activity during the main overwintering phase, which we describe as a winter resting state as distinct from classical diapause.
引用
收藏
页码:49 / 65
页数:17
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