Turn Waste Golden Tide into Treasure: Bio-Adsorbent Synthesis for CO2 Capture with K2FeO4 as Catalytic Oxidative Activator

Converting Sargassum horneri (SH)-a harmful marine stranding that can cause golden tide-to highly porous bio-adsorbent material (via one-step catalytic oxidative pyrolysis with K2FeO4) can be a strategically useful method for obtaining low-cost materials suitable for CO2 capture. In this manuscript, the behavior of different mass ratios of K2FeO4/SH precursor acting on the surface physicochemical properties of carbon materials are reported. The results suggest that specific surface area and total pore volume first increased to the mass ratio of K2FeO4/carbon precursor, then decreased. Among the samples prepared, the highest specific surface area was obtained with a K2FeO4/SH precursor ratio of 1:4 (25%-ASHC), and the CO2 adsorption performance was significantly increased and faster compared with the original biochar. The fitted values of the three kinetic models showed that the double exponential model provided the best description of carbon adsorption, indicating both physical and chemical adsorption; 25%-ASHC also exhibited excellent cyclic stability. The improved CO2 adsorption performance observed after K2FeO4 activation is mainly due to the increase in material porosity, specific surface area, and the enrichment of nitrogen and oxygen functional groups.