Design of an IoT platform for data analytics based fault detection and classification in solar PV power plants using CFKC and ODENN

New policies are commenced all over the globe to diminish the use of fossil fuels, which gives rise to the augmented utilization of solar energy (SE). The photovoltaic (PV) system's performance is extremely environmental variables reliant. Long-range transmission of SE is incompetent as well as complex to carry in the PV system. It can be affected by disparate sorts of faults, which cause severe energy loss all through the system operation. Thus, it is vital to incessantly monitor the solar PV (SPV) system to detect as well classify the faults by preventing energy losses. The IoT applications in SE production engage sensor devices that are fixed to the generation, and transmission, together with distribution equipment. These devices assist in monitoring the operation of the SPV power plant (SPVPP) system remotely in real-time. Presenting a new algorithm that can perform fault detection and classification in a PV system to a higher level of accuracy is the major contribution of this work. Thus, this work designs as well as develops an IoT platform for carrying out analytical tasks that can analyze data generated as of IoT operating systems to detect as well as classify faults in the SPVPP. Initially, the data collected from the dataset is pre-processed in which data duplication is performed using Hadoop distributed file system (HDFS) and then the fault is detected from the pre-processed data using the cosine function based k-means clustering (CFKC) technique in the SPV system. Finally, the obtained fault data is fed into the optimized deep learning centered ENN (ODENN) method which classifies the faults. The proposed techniques detect as well as classify the faults effectively that are experimentally proved by means of comparing them with the prevailing techniques, namely ENN, ANN and SVM, along with KNN in terms of some quality measures. The obtained results for ODENN showed an accuracy of 98.99%, specificity of 97.6%, and a sensitivity of 97.02%.