State expansion of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program eligibility and rates of foster care entries

被引:5
作者
Austin, Anna E. [1 ,2 ,5 ]
Naumann, Rebecca B. [2 ,3 ]
Shanahan, Meghan E. [1 ,2 ]
Frank, Madeline [1 ,2 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Maternal & Child Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA
[2] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Injury Prevent Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA
[3] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA
[4] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Sch Social Work, Chapel Hill, NC USA
[5] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, 421 Pittsboro St, CB 7445, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
关键词
Foster care; Food insecurity; Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program; Broad-based categorical eligibility; WELFARE; SNAP;
D O I
10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106399
中图分类号
D669 [社会生活与社会问题]; C913 [社会生活与社会问题];
学科分类号
1204 ;
摘要
Background: State expansion of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) eligibility under broad-based categorical eligibility (BBCE) is associated with decreases in household poverty and food insecurity, child protective services investigations, and mental health and substance use disorders among adults, key contributors to foster care entry. Objective: To examine the association of state expansion of SNAP eligibility under BBCE with rates of foster care entries. Participants: Foster care entries among children ages <18 years. Methods: We used 2005-2019 data from the SNAP Policy Database and the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS). We conducted difference-in-differences analyses and generated event study plots adjusting for state economic conditions (percent population unemployed, median household income) and policies (minimum wage, refundable Earned In -come Tax Credits, maximum Temporary Assistance for Needy Families benefit for a family of 3). Results: On average, there were 1.8 fewer foster care entries (95 % confidence interval (CI)-2.8,-0.8) per 1000 children per year in states that expanded SNAP eligibility than there would have been if they had not expanded eligibility. Average decreases in foster care entries were similar among young (-1.7 per 1000 children per year, 95 %-3.1,-0.3) and school-age (-1.8 per 1000 children per year, 95 % CI-2.7,-0.8) children and larger among Black non-Hispanic (-5.6 per 1000 children per year, 95 % CI-9.1,-2.0) than among White non-Hispanic (-1.4 per 1000 children per year, 95 % CI-2.2,-0.6) children. The magnitude of these decreases increased with greater time since policy adoption. Conclusions: Results add to growing evidence that programs and policies that support and stabilize household economic and material conditions may contribute to reductions in foster care entries at the population-level.
引用
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页数:10
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