Passivator-Assisted Close Space Annealing for High-Performance Wide-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells

Wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs) play crucial roles in determining the overall efficiencies of all-perovskite tandem solar cells (TSCs). Tailoring the grain growth process is a key route to improve the film quality and device performance. Herein, a facile passivator-assisted close space annealing (PA-CSA) strategy to simultaneously enlarge the crystal size and passivate the defects is demonstrated. Filter paper is used as the solvent permeable membrane to slow down the fast crystallization and enlarge the grain size. At the same time, a precisely selected volatile material (fluorizated-phenethylammonium chloride) embedded in the filter paper is employed as the passivator to eliminate defects in wide-Eg perovskite film during annealing. The PA-CSA-processed wide-Eg PSCs obtain the champion efficiencies of 21.28% (1.68 eV) and 20.24% (1.73 eV), enabling high-performance all-perovskite TSCs with efficiencies reaching 27% in both four-terminal and monolithic two-terminal tandem configurations, respectively. This PA-CSA strategy provides an in situ passivating process for high-performance PSCs and TSCs upon further industrial applications. A facile passivator-assisted close space annealing strategy is proposed to simultaneously enlarge the grain size and passivation the defects through in situ sublimation of the passivators, leading to high-performance wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells and all-perovskite tandem solar cells.image (c) 2024 WILEY-VCH GmbH